Mechanisms and Case Studies of the Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Development

Abstract

Global climate change is becoming increasingly severe, with rising temperatures, abnormal precipitation, and frequent extreme weather events posing a continuing threat to agricultural production and ecosystem security. Agriculture is the most climate-sensitive sector of the economy, and the extent of its impact is directly related to food security and social sustainability. This paper systematically reviews the four main mechanisms through which climate change affects agricultural development, including the impact of rising temperatures on crop growth cycles and yields, the effect of changes in precipitation patterns on irrigation security and water supply for farmland, the increase in agricultural disaster risks due to extreme weather events, and the indirect impact of climate warming on the stability of agricultural ecosystems. On this basis, the Mekong Delta in Vietnam and the rice-growing regions of China were selected as typical case studies to analyze the regional differences and main characteristics of the mechanisms of climate change impacts, and to explore local response measures and adaptive control strategies. Research has found that there are significant differences in the mechanisms of climate change impacts across different regions. Rising temperatures and extreme events pose a significant threat to rice production, while water scarcity and sea level rise have a particularly pronounced impact on delta regions.