Research on The Advantages, Practical Applications and Optimization of Stirling Cryocoolers

Abstract

The Stirling cryocooler machine is a refrigeration device that uses the Stirling cycle. It can quickly reduce the temperature to a very low level. Compare with other refrigeration machines, it is environmentally friendly and high efficency. That is the reason why it is widely used in various fields, such as aerospace technology research (James Webb Space Telescope), low-temperature physics experiments (Achieves millikelvin-level cooling), medical devices (MRI systems), and equipment used in Antarctic scientific research. Stirling cryocoolers also have the advantage of vibration-free operation, so it is widely used in precision processing. Its operation process consists of four steps Isothermal Compression, Isochoric Regeneration, Isothermal Expansion, Isochoric Heat Storage. It works based on thermodynamic principles. Stirling cryocoolers contain five core components: the compressor, the cooler, the regenerator, the expander and the working fluid. Each of them plays the important role in machine. However, Stirling cryocoolers still face risks and challenges. So there are many ways to optimize them such as improve structures, use better materials and so on.