Progress in Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries and Industrialization Research

Abstract

With the development of society, humans have begun to pursue and explore more environmentally friendly and cost-effective lifestyles. And sodium-ion batteries, as an emerging industry, are constantly disrupting the traditional battery sector. Since sodium is more abundant than lithium and its cost is also much lower, and it has a high safety factor; it is also an indispensable development direction in the future. This article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the anion compounds, Prussian blue-like substances, and layered oxides of the current mainstream sodium-ion battery positive electrode materials, and finds that the cyanide wastewater in the synthesis of Prussian blue needs to be strictly treated, while vanadium-based materials face the problem of mining pollution. In contrast, sodium iron phosphate (NaFePO₄) has the advantages of low cost and low toxicity, and may become the mainstream choice for energy storage stations in the future. This article can promote the development of the research on sodium-ion battery positive electrodes and provides a research basis and direction for the design and improvement of subsequent sodium-ion battery positive electrode materials and manufacturing processes.