Carbon emission control technology and policy: Path analysis for promoting green and low-carbon development

Abstract

This paper explores the synergistic relationship between technological paths and policy mechanisms in the process of achieving carbon neutrality. The article systematically reviews key emission reduction technologies such as carbon capture and storage (CCUS), renewable energy, and energy efficiency, and evaluates the implementation effects of policy tools such as carbon pricing and green finance. Through case analysis of China's CCUS demonstration project and the EU carbon trading system, the article reveals the effectiveness and challenges of current carbon emission reduction practices, including high costs, insufficient policy coordination, and limited public acceptance. The study shows that although low-carbon technologies have great potential, their effective promotion still depends on coordinated policy support. This study provides empirical evidence for low-carbon transformation and puts forward strategic suggestions for policymakers in the coordinated promotion of technological innovation and institutional guarantees. It highlights the importance of aligning long-term policy planning with technological readiness. Moreover, stakeholder engagement and cross-sector collaboration are identified as key factors for success. Future research should further explore adaptive governance models that can respond to dynamic climate and market conditions.